{"id":320,"date":"2026-07-23T07:18:51","date_gmt":"2026-07-23T07:18:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/licenciaprofesional.es\/?page_id=320"},"modified":"2026-10-27T07:14:36","modified_gmt":"2026-10-27T07:14:36","slug":"blog","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/licenciaprofesional.es\/en\/blog\/","title":{"rendered":"Blog"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"320\" class=\"elementor elementor-320\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8e3ab35 e-con e-atomic-element e-flexbox-base e-default-div e-51310dc-root \" data-id=\"8e3ab35\" data-element_type=\"e-flexbox\" data-e-type=\"e-flexbox\" data-interaction-id=\"8e3ab35\">\n    \t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-791c400 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"791c400\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div 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14px;border-radius:8px;font-weight:600;cursor:pointer;font-size:13px;}\n.ud-blog-page-btn.is-active{background:var(--ud-primary);color:#fff;border-color:var(--ud-primary);}\n\n\/* Sidebar *\/\n.ud-sidebar-box{background:var(--ud-surface-white);border:1px solid var(--ud-outline-variant);border-radius:12px;padding:24px;margin-bottom:24px;}\n.ud-sidebar-box h4{font-family:var(--ud-font-heading);font-weight:700;font-size:15px;color:var(--ud-primary);margin:0 0 16px;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.03em;}\n.ud-sidebar-cats{list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0;}\n.ud-sidebar-cats li{border-bottom:1px solid var(--ud-surface);padding:10px 0;display:flex;justify-content:space-between;font-size:14px;}\n.ud-sidebar-cats li:last-child{border-bottom:none;}\n.ud-sidebar-cats a{color:var(--ud-on-surface-variant);}\n.ud-sidebar-cats a:hover{color:var(--ud-secondary);}\n.ud-sidebar-cats span{color:var(--ud-outline-variant);font-size:12px;}\n.ud-tag-cloud{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px;}\n.ud-tag-pill{background:var(--ud-soft-gray);color:var(--ud-on-surface-variant);font-size:12px;padding:6px 12px;border-radius:999px;}\n.ud-tag-pill:hover{background:var(--ud-secondary-container);color:#fff;}\n\n\/* Final CTA *\/\n.ud-final-cta{background:var(--ud-primary);border-radius:24px;padding:48px 24px;text-align:center;}\n.ud-final-cta h2{color:#fff;}\n.ud-final-cta p{color:rgba(255,255,255,.75);max-width:560px;margin:0 auto 24px;}\n<\/style><section class=\"ud-blog-hero\" style=\"background-image:url('https:\/\/licenciaprofesional.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Mercedes-Vehiculo.jpg');\">\n  <div class=\"ud-blog-hero-inner\">\n    <h1 class=\"ud-h1\">Actualidad sobre licencias VTC<\/h1>\n    <p class=\"ud-body-lg\">Informaci\u00f3n, normativa, consejos y an\u00e1lisis para comprar, vender o gestionar licencias <span class=\"ds-term-wrap\" data-ds-term-id=\"461\"><a class=\"ds-term ds-term-tooltip ds-term-link\" href=\"https:\/\/licenciaprofesional.es\/claves-vtc\/vtc\/\" aria-describedby=\"ds-tt-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\">VTC<\/a><span class=\"ds-tooltip-panel\" id=\"ds-tt-1\" hidden=\"hidden\" role=\"tooltip\"><strong class=\"ds-tooltip-title\">VTC<\/strong><span class=\"ds-tooltip-excerpt\">Las siglas VTC significan \u00abveh\u00edculo de transporte con conductor\u00bb. En Espa\u00f1a designan a los turismos que prestan servicios de transporte de viajeros con contrat\u2026<\/span><\/span><\/span> en Espa\u00f1a.<\/p>\n  <\/div>\n<\/section><section style=\"padding:0;\"><div class=\"ud-container\">\n  <div class=\"ud-blog-layout\">\n    <main class=\"ud-blog-main\">\n      <div class=\"ud-section-block\">\n        <h2 class=\"ud-h2\">Novedades que te pueden interesar<\/h2>\n        <div id=\"udLatestGrid\" class=\"ud-card-grid\"><div class=\"ud-blog-empty\">Cargando\u2026<\/div><\/div>\n      <\/div>\n      <div class=\"ud-section-block\">\n        <h2 class=\"ud-h2\">Secciones destacadas<\/h2>\n        <div id=\"udCatTiles\" class=\"ud-cat-tiles\"><\/div>\n      <\/div>\n      <div class=\"ud-section-block\">\n        <h2 class=\"ud-h2\" id=\"udFeaturedCatTitle\">\u00daltimas novedades<\/h2>\n        <div id=\"udFeaturedCatGrid\" class=\"ud-card-grid\"><div class=\"ud-blog-empty\">Cargando\u2026<\/div><\/div>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/main>\n    <aside class=\"ud-blog-sidebar\">\n  <div class=\"ud-sidebar-box\">\n    <h4>Categor\u00edas<\/h4>\n    <ul class=\"ud-sidebar-cats\" id=\"udSidebarCats\"><li>Cargando\u2026<\/li><\/ul>\n  <\/div>\n  <div class=\"ud-sidebar-box\">\n    <h4>Etiquetas<\/h4>\n    <div class=\"ud-tag-cloud\" id=\"udSidebarTags\"><\/div>\n  <\/div>\n<\/aside>\n  <\/div>\n<\/div><\/section><section class=\"ud-container\" style=\"padding:0 16px 56px;\">\n  <div class=\"ud-final-cta\">\n    <h2 class=\"ud-h2\" style=\"color:#fff;\">\u00bfNecesitas ayuda con una licencia VTC?<\/h2>\n    <p>Nuestro equipo puede ayudarte a valorar opciones para comprar o vender una <span class=\"ds-term-wrap\" data-ds-term-id=\"462\"><a class=\"ds-term ds-term-tooltip ds-term-link\" href=\"https:\/\/licenciaprofesional.es\/claves-vtc\/licencia-vtc\/\" aria-describedby=\"ds-tt-2\" aria-expanded=\"false\">licencia VTC<\/a><span class=\"ds-tooltip-panel\" id=\"ds-tt-2\" hidden=\"hidden\" role=\"tooltip\"><strong class=\"ds-tooltip-title\">Licencia VTC<\/strong><span class=\"ds-tooltip-excerpt\">Una licencia VTC es el nombre coloquial de la autorizaci\u00f3n administrativa de arrendamiento de veh\u00edculos con conductor. Habilita a su titular, persona f\u00edsica o\u2026<\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/p>\n    <a class=\"ud-btn ud-btn-primary\" href=\"https:\/\/licenciaprofesional.es\/contacto\/\">Hablar con un asesor<\/a>\n  <\/div>\n<\/section><script>\n\nvar udIsEN = window.location.pathname.replace(\/\\\/$\/, '').split('\/').indexOf('en') !== -1;\nvar udPostTr = {\"comprar-una-licencia-vtc-en-espana-precios-requisitos-y-proceso-paso-a-paso\": {\"title\": \"Buying a VTC License in Spain: Prices, Requirements and Step-by-Step Process\", \"content\": \"<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Buying a VTC license can be an opportunity to start a professional activity in the passenger transport sector or to expand an existing fleet. However, this is not a transaction that should be decided on price alone. Before finalising the purchase, it is essential to check the administrative status of the authorisation, understand the regulations applicable in the relevant autonomous region, and calculate all the costs associated with operating it in the future.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The market for private hire vehicle-with-driver authorisations shows significant differences between provinces. A license domiciled in an area with high tourist or business demand can be worth considerably more than one located in a market with less activity. In addition, its ability to provide urban services will depend on the current regional and local regulations.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">For this reason, before buying a VTC license it is essential to analyse both the administrative asset itself and the business model you intend to develop.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h2><b>What is a VTC license?<\/b><\/h2>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">A VTC license, administratively known as a vehicle-with-driver hire authorisation, allows passenger transport services to be provided in passenger cars on a pre-booked basis.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The authorisation is tied to a holder and, generally, must have a vehicle assigned to it in order to carry out the activity. Regulations require a separate authorisation for each vehicle dedicated to hire-with-driver services. The domicile of the authorisation is also linked to where the vehicle's registration is domiciled.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Although the expression \\\"buying a VTC license\\\" is commonly used, from an administrative standpoint what actually takes place is a transfer of the authorisation from one holder to another. This transfer must be approved and registered by the competent authority.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The transaction may include only the authorisation or incorporate other elements, such as:<\/span><\/p>\\n<ul>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The assigned vehicle.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">A limited company.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Driver contracts.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Agreements with mobility platforms.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">A client portfolio.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Equipment, insurance or management systems.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Additional regional or urban operating rights.<\/span><\/li>\\n<\/ul>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Before signing, it is essential to define precisely which elements are being acquired.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h2><b>How much does it cost to buy a VTC license in Spain?<\/b><\/h2>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">There is no official price for VTC licenses. Their value is set on the secondary market and depends on supply, demand, location, administrative status and the real possibilities for operating it.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Figures published by specialised operators during 2026 show a highly varied market. In certain provinces, offers can be found from around \u20ac12,000\u201315,000, while in areas with strong demand amounts can exceed \u20ac100,000. In specific markets such as Madrid, Barcelona, M\u00e1laga or the Balearic Islands, notably higher valuations are published. These figures are indicative and do not constitute an official rate, nor do they guarantee the closing price of any transaction.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The price of a VTC license can vary depending on the following factors:<\/span><\/p>\\n<h3><b>Province of domicile<\/b><\/h3>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Location is one of the elements that most influences value. Provinces with large urban centres, airports, business activity or high tourist footfall tend to show higher demand.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">It should not be assumed that a license domiciled in a province allows you to operate freely in any city under the same conditions. The scope of operation and the ability to provide urban services depend on national, regional and, in certain cases, municipal regulations.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h3><b>Urban or intercity authorisation<\/b><\/h3>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">State-level VTC authorisations generally enable intercity transport. Autonomous regions may establish specific rules for fully urban services.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">For this reason, two licenses domiciled in the same area may have different values if one of them is authorised to provide urban services while the other only allows intercity services.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The Land Transport Regulation Act establishes the intercity limitation for state-level VTC authorisations, without prejudice to the powers and regulations of the autonomous regions applicable to urban mobility.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h3><b>Administrative status of the authorisation<\/b><\/h3>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">An active authorisation, properly renewed, free of sanction proceedings and with all its documentation up to date, tends to be worth more than a license with outstanding issues.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">It is also necessary to check whether the authorisation:<\/span><\/p>\\n<ul>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Is fully in force.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Has passed the corresponding renewals.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Has a vehicle assigned to it.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Is linked to any legal proceedings.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Has any outstanding sanctions.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Is subject to territorial restrictions.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Can be transferred immediately.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Has additional regional authorisations.<\/span><\/li>\\n<\/ul>\\n<h3><b>Whether the vehicle is included<\/b><\/h3>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The advertised price may correspond exclusively to the authorisation or may also include the vehicle.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">When the vehicle is included in the deal, you will need to assess its age, mileage, mechanical condition, environmental label, outstanding finance and compliance with the requirements of the autonomous region in which you intend to operate.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">A seemingly higher price can turn out to be more competitive when it includes a vehicle ready to start operating. Likewise, a cheaper license may require a significant additional investment to buy or lease a car that meets the required conditions.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h3><b>Supply and demand<\/b><\/h3>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">VTC licenses do not have the same liquidity throughout the country. In some provinces there is constant demand from operators and investors, while in others transfers are less frequent.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">It is not enough to assess the purchase price alone. It is also worth considering how easy it will be to operate, rent out or sell the authorisation in the future.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h2><b>Requirements for buying a VTC license<\/b><\/h2>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The specific requirements can vary depending on the authority responsible for the authorisation. Before starting the transaction, you should check the transfer procedure applicable in the autonomous region where it is domiciled.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Generally, the buyer must meet the conditions required to hold a public transport authorisation.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h3><b>Being an individual or a legal entity<\/b><\/h3>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The license can be acquired as a self-employed individual or through a limited company. The choice will depend on the volume of activity, taxation, financing and the number of vehicles you want to manage.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Before deciding, it is advisable to consider which structure offers better asset protection and makes it easier to bring in drivers, partners or investors.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h3><b>Being registered for the relevant activity<\/b><\/h3>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The new holder must be properly registered to carry out the transport activity. This may involve tax registration, the corresponding tax category and Social Security obligations.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">General transport regulations require, among other conditions, being registered in the Census of Taxpayers for the relevant activity and not holding certain debts in enforcement proceedings with the State or the autonomous region.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h3><b>Having a suitable vehicle<\/b><\/h3>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">To operate the authorisation, you will need to assign a vehicle that meets the required technical conditions, age, capacity, insurance and environmental classification.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The holder may own the vehicle outright, hold it under finance lease or ordinary lease where regulations allow it. In the case of a lease, the existence of the corresponding contract must be documented.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Environmental conditions are becoming especially important. Some autonomous regions require specific labels or set emissions conditions for new vehicles and for replacing those already assigned.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h3><b>Complying with regional regulations<\/b><\/h3>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The regulation of urban VTC services is not the same throughout the country. There are differences relating to:<\/span><\/p>\\n<ul>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The minimum pre-booking time.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Circulating without passengers.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Geolocation prior to booking.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Parking locations.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Client acquisition.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Mandatory identification labels.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The vehicle's environmental characteristics.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Reporting of services.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Complementary urban authorisations.<\/span><\/li>\\n<\/ul>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">A license can be administratively valid and still not fit the operating model the buyer is looking for. This point is especially important when you intend to work in a city other than the one where the license is domiciled.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h2><b>How to buy a VTC license step by step<\/b><\/h2>\\n<h3><b>1. Define your business model<\/b><\/h3>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Before looking for offers, you need to decide how you will operate the authorisation.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The most common options are driving it yourself, hiring one or more drivers, handing over operation to an operator, or adding the license to a fleet.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">This decision will influence your available budget, the most suitable province, the type of vehicle, the tax structure and the expected return.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h3><b>2. Search for available licenses<\/b><\/h3>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The search should focus on authorisations whose location and administrative status are compatible with your project.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">In the<\/span> <a href=\\\"https:\/\/licenciaprofesional.es\/comprar-licencias-vtc\/\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">buy VTC licenses<\/span><\/a><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\"> section you can check available opportunities and receive advice to find an authorisation suited to your investment or professional operating goals.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">When comparing offers, it's worth asking for information about:<\/span><\/p>\\n<ul>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Province of domicile.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Authorisation number.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Current holder.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Administrative status.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Scope of service.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Vehicle included.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Sale price.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Intermediation fees.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Estimated timeframe for the transfer.<\/span><\/li>\\n<\/ul>\\n<h3><b>3. Verify the authorisation<\/b><\/h3>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The purchase should never be finalised based solely on a listing, a photograph or a partial copy of the documentation.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The prior review must confirm that the authorisation genuinely exists, the identity of its holder, and the absence of any issues that could prevent the transfer.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Renewals, sanction proceedings, administrative appeals, legal proceedings and possible operating restrictions must also be reviewed.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">When the purchase is carried out by acquiring a company, the analysis must be extended to the accounts, debts, employees, contracts, taxes and commercial obligations of the business.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h3><b>4. Analyse regional regulations<\/b><\/h3>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Once the license has been verified, you need to study which services it can provide in the intended area.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Applicable regulations may distinguish between urban and intercity routes. They may also require complementary authorisations, minimum pre-booking times or specific vehicle conditions.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Buying a license domiciled in another province without checking these aspects can prevent the buyer from operating in the city they had planned.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h3><b>5. Calculate the total investment<\/b><\/h3>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The budget should not be limited to the price of the authorisation.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The initial investment may include:<\/span><\/p>\\n<ul>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Purchase price.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Vehicle or finance down payment.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Taxes arising from the transaction.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Administrative fees.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Advisory fees.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Vehicle insurance.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Tax and employment registration.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Technology equipment.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Signage or identification labels.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Hiring costs.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Platform commissions.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Working capital for the first few months.<\/span><\/li>\\n<\/ul>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">In addition, it is advisable to prepare an income and expenses forecast covering different levels of activity.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h3><b>6. Sign a contract with guarantees<\/b><\/h3>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The purchase agreement must clearly identify the parties, the authorisation being transferred, the price, the payment method and the elements included.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">It is also advisable to include conditions linked to administrative approval of the transfer. This way, final payment can be tied to specific milestones being met.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Clauses that should be reviewed include:<\/span><\/p>\\n<ul>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">A statement that the authorisation is in force.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Absence of hidden charges.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Status of any sanctions.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Obligation to cooperate with the authorities.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Consequences of a refusal.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Allocation of fees and taxes.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Vehicle handover date.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Documentation to be provided by the seller.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Liability for false or incomplete information.<\/span><\/li>\\n<\/ul>\\n<h3><b>7. Process the change of ownership<\/b><\/h3>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The transfer must be submitted to the competent transport authority. In most cases, the process is carried out electronically and requires a digital certificate or accredited representation.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The authority will verify that the seller can transfer the authorisation and that the buyer meets the requirements to become the holder.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Payment to the seller does not replace this procedure. Until the transfer has been approved and registered, the buyer should not consider the authorisation to be fully in their name.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h3><b>8. Assign the vehicle and start operating<\/b><\/h3>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Once the transfer has been authorised, you will need to complete the procedures relating to the vehicle, insurance, identification labels, tax registration and reporting of services.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Royal Decree 785\/2021 regulates the monitoring of VTC authorisation operations and the electronic reporting of certain service data to the register maintained by the Ministry.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Depending on the region, there may also be regional registers, additional obligations or specific reporting systems.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h2><b>Additional costs beyond the license price<\/b><\/h2>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">One of the most common mistakes is putting all available capital towards paying for the authorisation.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">To correctly calculate the investment, the taxes applicable to the transaction must be considered. Their treatment will depend on whether only the authorisation is transferred, an economic unit, a vehicle, or shares in a company.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">A tax percentage found online should not be applied automatically. Taxation can vary depending on the legal structure of the sale and the autonomous region.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The following should also be assessed:<\/span><\/p>\\n<ul>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Vehicle cost.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Financing and interest.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Specific VTC insurance.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Maintenance and tyres.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Fuel or electricity.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Wages and social security contributions.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Accounting\/admin services.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Cleaning.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Parking.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Platform commissions.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Periods of inactivity.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Unforeseen repairs.<\/span><\/li>\\n<\/ul>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">A license with a low price does not always represent the best opportunity. Its real value will depend on the revenue it can generate and the costs required to keep it operating.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h2><b>Mistakes to avoid when buying a VTC license<\/b><\/h2>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The first mistake is buying without verifying the original documentation. Transactions carried out through opaque listings can hide non-existent licenses, authorisations with problems, or assets that do not allow you to work in the promised area.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">It is also risky to pay the full amount before the agreed administrative conditions have been met.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Other common mistakes include:<\/span><\/p>\\n<ul>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Confusing an intercity authorisation with an urban one.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Not checking regional regulations.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Ignoring the vehicle's condition.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Buying a company without reviewing its debts.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Not calculating taxes and expenses.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Basing the decision on a guaranteed return.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Not knowing the platforms' terms.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Not setting aside capital to start the activity.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Signing generic contracts.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Choosing the province based on price alone.<\/span><\/li>\\n<\/ul>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">A prior professional review can prevent a seemingly attractive deal from ending up causing losses or lengthy administrative procedures.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h2><b>Is it profitable to buy a VTC license?<\/b><\/h2>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Profitability depends on the purchase price, demand in the area, the vehicle used, hours of activity and the management model.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">A self-employed person who drives personally will have a different cost structure from a company that hires drivers. Likewise, an owner who delegates operations receives a different share and takes on fewer operational tasks.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">To assess the investment, it is worth calculating:<\/span><\/p>\\n<ul>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Expected monthly revenue.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Kilometres with passengers.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Kilometres without passengers.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Platform commission.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Driver cost.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Energy or fuel.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Insurance.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Maintenance.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Finance instalment.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Taxes.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Periods of low activity.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Estimated payback period.<\/span><\/li>\\n<\/ul>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Forecasts should be built using conservative scenarios. No license alone guarantees a specific level of income.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h2><b>Find a license suited to your project<\/b><\/h2>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Buying a VTC license requires combining market analysis, administrative review and financial planning. The most suitable authorisation is not always the cheapest one, but rather the one that can be legally operated in the chosen area and offers a balanced relationship between investment, costs and demand.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Before signing, check ownership, scope of operation, regional regulations, the assigned vehicle and all the conditions of the transfer. A structured process helps reduce risks, anticipate costs and choose a license that is consistent with the business model you want to develop.<\/span><\/p>\\n\", \"excerpt\": \"Buying a VTC license can be an opportunity to start a professional activity in the passenger transport sector or to expand an existing fleet.\u2026\"}, \"normativa-vtc-en-castilla-la-mancha-en-2026-situacion-actual-y-proximos-cambios\": {\"title\": \"VTC Regulations in Castilla-La Mancha in 2026: Current Situation and Upcoming Changes\", \"content\": \"<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">VTC regulations in Castilla-La Mancha are going through a particularly significant moment in 2026. Authorisation holders, operators, drivers and investors currently have to comply with a framework made up of national legislation, general regional transport rules and municipal provisions. At the same time, the regional Government is planning a specific legislative amendment to regulate services provided by hire vehicles with driver.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">This situation makes it essential to clearly distinguish between rules that are already in force and measures that are still at the planning or drafting stage. A political announcement, a draft or an initiative included in a regulatory plan does not have the same legal effect as a law that has been officially published.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Anyone looking to buy, transfer or operate a VTC license in Castilla-La Mancha must check the territorial scope of the authorisation, the type of services it can provide, and the conditions applicable in each municipality.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h2><b>What regulations govern VTC in Castilla-La Mancha in 2026?<\/b><\/h2>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">VTC activity is subject, first of all, to the Land Transport Regulation Act and its implementing regulations. This national legislation governs vehicle-with-driver hire authorisations, general conditions of provision, and the territorial scope of services.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Royal Decree-Law 13\/2018 amended Article 91 of the Land Transport Regulation Act and established that nationwide VTC authorisations only enable intercity passenger transport. For these purposes, a service is considered intercity when its route extends beyond the territory of a single municipality or an administratively recognised joint service area.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">At the regional level, the main reference is Law 14\/2005, of 29 December, on the Regulation of Passenger Road Transport in Castilla-La Mancha. This law sets the regional framework for passenger transport carried out entirely within the region's territory, although it does not yet contain a complete, specific regulation of urban VTC services comparable to that approved by other autonomous regions.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">In addition to these rules, municipal authorities have powers over urban transport, mobility, traffic, parking, use of public space and environmental protection. For this reason, the analysis of a VTC service should not be limited to checking whether the authorisation is domiciled in Castilla-La Mancha.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h2><b>Can VTC vehicles provide urban services in Castilla-La Mancha?<\/b><\/h2>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">This is one of the questions that generates the most doubt among drivers, companies and users.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">A nationwide VTC authorisation allows intercity services to be provided. For example, a journey starting in Toledo and ending in another municipality may be considered intercity if it goes beyond the relevant municipality or joint service area.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The national authorisation does not automatically grant the right to carry out any service that begins and ends within the same municipality. To carry out fully urban journeys, an enabling framework approved by the competent authority must exist.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Royal Decree-Law 13\/2018 gave bodies with powers over urban transport the ability to determine the conditions under which VTC services carried out entirely within their territory may be authorised and provided. It also allows autonomous regions to modify certain operating conditions for services that take place entirely within their territory.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Therefore, holding a VTC authorisation domiciled in Castilla-La Mancha does not mean you can simply carry out urban journeys in Toledo, Albacete, Guadalajara, Ciudad Real or Cuenca.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Before accepting services within the same city, you should check:<\/span><\/p>\\n<ul>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The scope of the authorisation.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Whether an urban authorisation exists.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Municipal regulations.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The origin and destination of the journey.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Pre-booking.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Traffic and parking restrictions.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Service reporting obligations.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Any regional conditions that may be approved.<\/span><\/li>\\n<\/ul>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Providing services outside the authorised scope can lead to inspections, sanction proceedings and even the vehicle being immobilised where the legally established circumstances apply.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h2><b>Obligation to start the service in the autonomous region<\/b><\/h2>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">National regulations establish, as a general rule, that VTC services must start within the territory of the autonomous region where the authorisation is domiciled.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The start of the service takes place where passengers are actually picked up, not the point from which the vehicle sets off to collect them. An authorisation domiciled in Castilla-La Mancha must normally be used to meet needs related to this territory.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The regulations provide for some exceptions. One affects pre-booked services to pick up passengers at ports or airports located in another autonomous region, provided the destination is in the region where the authorisation is domiciled. A temporary regime may also be established to meet short-term demand increases when local authorisations are insufficient.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">These exceptions must be interpreted strictly. They do not allow a fleet domiciled in Castilla-La Mancha to be permanently relocated to work regularly in Madrid or another autonomous region.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h2><b>Pre-booking of VTC services<\/b><\/h2>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Vehicle-with-driver hire services must be booked before they start. The vehicle cannot pick up passengers directly on the street the way a taxi does.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Booking can be done through an app, a website, a booking centre, a contract with a company, or any other system that can prove the service was requested before it began.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The holder must be able to prove the existence of the contract and the main details of the journey. The mere presence of the vehicle in a high-demand area does not replace the obligation of prior booking.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Future Castilla-La Mancha regulations could set out this matter in more detail for regional or urban services. Until a specific regulation is approved and published, national rules and current local provisions must be complied with.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h2><b>Electronic reporting of services<\/b><\/h2>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Holders of VTC authorisations are required to electronically report certain data before each service begins.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The information to be reported includes:<\/span><\/p>\\n<ul>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Identification of the lessor.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Identification of the intermediary, where applicable.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The place, date and time of booking.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The place, date and time the service starts.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The expected place of arrival.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The vehicle's registration plate.<\/span><\/li>\\n<\/ul>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Reports must be sent to the Register of Reports for Vehicle-with-Driver Hire Services, managed by the Directorate-General for Road and Rail Transport.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">This obligation applies both to holders who work directly and to those who operate through platforms or intermediary companies. Even if the platform can facilitate the transmission of the data, the holding company must check that the reports are made correctly.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Failure to report, sending incorrect data, or providing services different from those registered can lead to administrative liability.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h2><b>Requirements for obtaining and maintaining a VTC authorisation<\/b><\/h2>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The Castilla-La Mancha electronic office has a procedure for applying for the authorisation required to carry out the activity of hiring vehicles with driver.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">General conditions include compliance with tax, labour and social security obligations. The company must also have a suitable vehicle, prove its relationship with it, and meet the technical conditions set by transport regulations.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The holder must keep the authorisation and vehicle data up to date. Some changes require prior notification or administrative authorisation, such as:<\/span><\/p>\\n<ul>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Replacing the vehicle.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Changing address.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Transferring the authorisation.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Changing the legal form.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Renewing documentation.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Reinstating authorisations.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Assigning a different vehicle.<\/span><\/li>\\n<\/ul>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">In addition, the vehicle must have insurance covering professional passenger transport and must pass the corresponding technical inspections.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h2><b>Number of VTC licenses in Castilla-La Mancha<\/b><\/h2>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The VTC market in Castilla-La Mancha has grown considerably. According to statistics from the Ministry of Transport and Sustainable Mobility, as of 1 July 2026 there were 896 nationwide VTC authorisations domiciled in the region, compared with 1,025 taxi authorisations.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Distribution is not uniform across the five provinces. Demand, the value of authorisations and operating possibilities can vary considerably between Toledo, Guadalajara, Ciudad Real, Albacete and Cuenca.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The proximity of Guadalajara and Toledo to the Community of Madrid also influences the market, but does not remove territorial restrictions. A license domiciled in Castilla-La Mancha must comply with the rules on where services must start, and cannot be used as a permanent substitute for an authorisation domiciled in Madrid.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The growth in the number of authorisations makes it more important to review the market before buying. More licenses can mean more competition, but the impact will depend on demand, the type of services and the urban regulations that end up being approved.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h2><b>What regulatory changes are planned for 2026?<\/b><\/h2>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The 2026 Annual Regulatory Plan for Castilla-La Mancha includes a bill to amend Law 14\/2005 regarding passenger transport services provided by hiring vehicles with driver. This confirms that the regional Government intends to introduce specific VTC regulation.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The regional Executive had already announced in 2025 its intention to push forward new regulation alongside a review of the regional taxi regulations. The authorities stated at the time that the initiative would be processed with public participation and a public hearing.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Including an initiative in the Annual Regulatory Plan does not mean its measures are already in force. For it to take effect, the drafting process must be completed, the corresponding text approved, and it must be published in the Official Gazette of Castilla-La Mancha.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">As of the date this article was last updated, 20 July 2026, no condition that has only appeared in announcements, statements or preparatory documents should be presented as definitive.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h2><b>What aspects could the new VTC law regulate?<\/b><\/h2>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The final content will depend on the text approved by the Cortes of Castilla-La Mancha. However, based on the powers recognised for autonomous regions and the objectives announced by the regional Government, the future regulation could address matters such as:<\/span><\/p>\\n<ul>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Authorisation of urban services.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Pre-booking conditions.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Client acquisition.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Circulating without passengers.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Vehicle parking.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Minimum or maximum routes.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Technical vehicle conditions.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Environmental requirements.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">External identification.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Regional registers.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Coordination with municipalities.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Inspection and enforcement.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Sanctions regime.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Conditions for transferring authorisations.<\/span><\/li>\\n<\/ul>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">These matters should not be treated as current requirements until they appear in an approved and published regulation.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">A company preparing an investment can factor different scenarios into its business plan. For example, it should calculate how profitability would be affected by an obligation to return to a base, a restriction on circulating without passengers, or the need to obtain an additional urban authorisation.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h2><b>How the new regulation could affect authorisation holders<\/b><\/h2>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The future regulation may change the operating possibilities of VTC licenses in Castilla-La Mancha.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">For current holders, a regional law could bring greater legal certainty by clarifying which urban services are allowed and under what conditions. However, it may also introduce new documentary, technical or environmental obligations.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Companies should especially review:<\/span><\/p>\\n<ul>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The municipalities in which they provide services.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The percentage of urban and intercity journeys.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Booking systems.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Service reporting.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Where vehicles wait without passengers.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The fleet's environmental characteristics.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Driver contracts.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Investment plans.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Any pending sanctions or proceedings.<\/span><\/li>\\n<\/ul>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">It is not advisable to wait for the regulation to be approved before putting documentation in order. A company with traceable services, correct contracts and up-to-date reporting will find it easier to adapt to any change.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h2><b>Buying a VTC license in Castilla-La Mancha in 2026<\/b><\/h2>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The regulatory situation must form part of any purchase decision. Comparing the price of available authorisations is not enough.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Before acquiring a<\/span> <a href=\\\"https:\/\/licenciaprofesional.es\/comprar-licencias-vtc\/\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">VTC license in Castilla-La Mancha<\/span><\/a><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">, you need to verify:<\/span><\/p>\\n<ol>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">That the authorisation exists and is in force.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">That the seller is listed as the holder.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">That it can be transferred.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">That there are no administrative issues.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Which vehicle is assigned to it.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Which province it is domiciled in.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Which services it can currently provide.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Whether it has any urban authorisation.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Which municipal regulations affect the activity.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">How upcoming legislative changes could affect it.<\/span><\/li>\\n<\/ol>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">It's also worth checking whether the deal includes only the authorisation, or whether it also incorporates a vehicle, a company, employment contracts or agreements with platforms.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The economic value of a license may change if the new regulation expands or limits its scope of operation. For this reason, sale agreements should be drafted with particular attention to the actual administrative situation, rather than being based on future expectations that have not yet been approved.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h2><b>Frequently asked questions about VTC regulations in Castilla-La Mancha<\/b><\/h2>\\n<h3><b>Can a VTC license from Toledo operate in Madrid?<\/b><\/h3>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">An authorisation domiciled in Castilla-La Mancha must comply with the general obligation to start services within this region. There are specific exceptions, such as certain pre-booked pickups at airports whose destination is in the region of domicile, but these do not allow it to work regularly in Madrid as if the license were domiciled there.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h3><b>Can a VTC vehicle carry out a journey within Toledo?<\/b><\/h3>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">A journey that starts and ends within the same municipality is considered urban. The national VTC authorisation, on its own, only enables intercity services. Providing urban services requires the framework or authorisation established by the competent authority.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h3><b>Is it mandatory to register every service?<\/b><\/h3>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Yes. Before the journey begins, the required data must be electronically reported to the Register of Reports for Vehicle-with-Driver Hire Services.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h3><b>Has the new Castilla-La Mancha VTC law already been approved?<\/b><\/h3>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The 2026 Annual Regulatory Plan includes the bill to amend Law 14\/2005 regarding VTC. Its inclusion in the plan shows the intention to process it, but the new obligations will not apply until the text is approved and officially published.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h3><b>Will license prices change?<\/b><\/h3>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Price trends will depend on supply, demand and the content of the future regulation. Greater legal certainty for providing urban services could increase interest in certain authorisations, while new restrictions or adaptation costs could reduce their profitability.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h2><b>What operators and investors should do during 2026<\/b><\/h2>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Holders and buyers should follow publications from the Official Gazette of Castilla-La Mancha, the Transparency Portal and the regional Government's electronic office. It is also worth reviewing the ordinances and municipal decisions of the cities where you want to operate.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Until the new regulation is published, business decisions should be based on the rules currently in force. An authorisation should not be valued on the assumption that it will allow unrestricted urban services in the future.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Keeping documentation up to date, correctly registering services, reviewing territorial scope and analysing each transaction before signing are the most effective measures for protecting the business during this period of change.<\/span><\/p>\\n\", \"excerpt\": \"VTC regulations in Castilla-La Mancha are going through a particularly significant moment in 2026. Authorisation holders, operators, drivers and\u2026\"}, \"normativa-vtc-en-la-comunidad-valenciana-requisitos-limitaciones-y-sanciones\": {\"title\": \"VTC Regulations in the Comunidad Valenciana: Requirements, Restrictions and Sanctions\", \"content\": \"<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">VTC regulations in the Comunidad Valenciana have undergone significant changes during 2026. Companies, drivers, investors and authorisation holders must take into account not only national regulation, but also the regional conditions applicable to services carried out within Valencia, Alicante and Castell\u00f3n.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The main regional framework remains Decree-Law 4\/2019, of 29 March, which regulates passenger transport by hire vehicles with driver when the service takes place entirely within the Comunitat Valenciana. However, this law was significantly amended by Decree-Law 5\/2026, of 29 May, which came into force on 6 June 2026.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Among the most relevant changes are the removal of the general minimum 15-minute pre-booking period, the provisional authorisation of certain licenses to provide urban services, the temporary suspension of new VTC authorisations being granted, and the creation of a more detailed regional sanctions regime.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">For this reason, any information from before June 2026 should be reviewed before making decisions about buying, transferring or operating a license.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h2><b>What rules regulate VTC in the Comunidad Valenciana?<\/b><\/h2>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">VTC activity is subject to a set of national and regional rules.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">At the national level, the main references are:<\/span><\/p>\\n<ul>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Law 16\/1987, on the Regulation of Land Transport.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The Regulations implementing the Land Transport Regulation Act.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Royal Decree-Law 13\/2018.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Royal Decree 785\/2021, on monitoring the operation of authorisations.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The rules on electronic reporting of services.<\/span><\/li>\\n<\/ul>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">At the regional level, Decree-Law 4\/2019 sets out the conditions applicable to VTC services carried out entirely within the Comunitat Valenciana. Decree-Law 5\/2026 amends aspects relating to booking, parking, vehicles, urban authorisations, inspection and sanctions.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Municipal authorities may also intervene within their powers. Valencian legislation allows local authorities to extend the list of places where parking is prohibited in order to prevent client solicitation, and to set additional technical requirements for vehicles, provided they respect the principles of proportionality.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">This means a company operating in Val\u00e8ncia, Alicante, Elche, Benidorm or Castell\u00f3n must check both the regional regulation and the applicable municipal provisions.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h2><b>Can VTC vehicles provide urban services in the Comunidad Valenciana?<\/b><\/h2>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Since 6 June 2026, a provisional authorisation exists for providing urban passenger transport, aimed at VTC authorisations that are in force and domiciled in the Comunitat Valenciana.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">This authorisation will remain in place until the Regional Ministry has the technical study required under the new regulation, and in any case for a maximum period of two years from the entry into force of Decree-Law 5\/2026.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The measure is especially relevant because it allows certain authorisations to provide services whose origin and destination are both within the same municipality.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">However, not all authorisations can benefit from this provisional authorisation. Companies that have been sanctioned by a final ruling for two or more infringements related to VTC regulations during the previous three years are excluded.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">A particularly important restriction for buyers and investors should also be noted: when an authorisation provisionally enabled to provide urban transport is transferred to a new holder, it automatically loses that authorisation. After the transfer, the authorisation is limited to providing intercity services.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Therefore, the buyer should not assume they will automatically acquire the same urban operating possibilities the seller had.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h2><b>Suspension of new VTC authorisations<\/b><\/h2>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Decree-Law 5\/2026 suspended the granting of new vehicle-with-driver hire authorisations in the Comunitat Valenciana.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The suspension affects both applications submitted after the law came into force and those that were already being processed or pending resolution of an appeal.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The measure will remain in place until a technical study on air quality, transport management, traffic and use of public space is published. The maximum period set for this suspension is two years from 6 June 2026.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The Valencian authorities justified the decision on the grounds of an increase in pending applications. Decree-Law 5\/2026 states that there were 2,004 authorisations granted and more than 4,000 new applications submitted to the regional transport offices across the three provinces.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">During this period, buying and selling existing authorisations becomes more important. Before acquiring a<\/span> <a href=\\\"https:\/\/licenciaprofesional.es\/comprar-licencias-vtc\/\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">VTC license in the Comunidad Valenciana<\/span><\/a><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">, it is essential to check its validity, its province of domicile, any existing sanctions, the assigned vehicle, and the effect the transfer will have on any provisional urban authorisation.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h2><b>Is a service still required to be booked fifteen minutes in advance?<\/b><\/h2>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">No. This is one of the most significant changes introduced in 2026.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The original wording of Decree-Law 4\/2019 required VTC services to be booked at least fifteen minutes before they were actually provided. Decree-Law 5\/2026 expressly removed that provision from Article 3.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Since this amendment came into force, there is no longer a general minimum 15-minute pre-booking requirement in regional regulations.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">This does not mean VTC vehicles can pick up passengers directly on the street. The service must still be booked before it begins and must be properly documented and reported.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The new wording of Article 3 also maintains that the booking must cover the vehicle's full capacity. It is not permitted to book each seat individually, as if it were a regular or shared-seat service.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h2><b>Pre-booking and the ban on soliciting clients<\/b><\/h2>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">VTC vehicles may not drive around public roads looking for passengers, nor encourage the solicitation of clients who have not already booked the service.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The ban also covers parking on public roads in order to wait for requests or find passengers. When the vehicle is not providing a service, it must remain in a garage or car park that is not part of the public road itself.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">This clearly distinguishes VTC activity from taxi services. The driver cannot wait on a busy street, a tourist area or a high-demand spot for a user to approach and request a journey.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">To properly prove prior booking, it is advisable to keep:<\/span><\/p>\\n<ul>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Identification of the client or contracting company.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Date and time of the booking.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Pick-up location.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Planned destination.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The vehicle's registration plate.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Identification of the VTC company.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Proof of the electronic report.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Information on the platform or channel used.<\/span><\/li>\\n<\/ul>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Booking through a mobile app is valid provided it takes place before the service starts and the remaining administrative obligations are met.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h2><b>Places where a VTC vehicle cannot park<\/b><\/h2>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Valencian regulations prohibit parking in places that concentrate or generate high transport demand, when that presence could encourage client solicitation.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The regulation expressly mentions:<\/span><\/p>\\n<ul>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Ports.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Airports.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Railway stations.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Bus stations.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Shopping centres.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Leisure areas.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Sports facilities.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Hotels.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Taxi ranks.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Hospitals.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Other similar establishments.<\/span><\/li>\\n<\/ul>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The ban does not prevent picking up a passenger who has already booked the service. What is banned is remaining in these places waiting to pick up passengers without a prior booking.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Municipal authorities can extend this list of facilities and set a minimum distance around them within which VTC vehicles are also not allowed to park. For this reason, the rules can differ between Val\u00e8ncia, Alicante, Castell\u00f3n and other municipalities.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h2><b>Electronic reporting of services<\/b><\/h2>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Holders of VTC authorisations must electronically report service data before they begin.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The Register of Reports for Vehicle-with-Driver Hire Services has been operating since 1 February 2022. Holders must report data on journeys about to start to the register.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The reported information makes it possible to check:<\/span><\/p>\\n<ul>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">That a prior booking exists.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The holder's identity.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The vehicle's registration plate.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The pick-up point.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The planned destination.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The date and time of the service.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Consistency between the registered service and the one actually carried out.<\/span><\/li>\\n<\/ul>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Failure to report, sending incomplete data, or entering incorrect information can constitute a serious infringement when it involves urban services covered by the provisional authorisation.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Companies working through platforms must check that reporting is carried out correctly. Outsourcing the technology does not necessarily remove the holder's administrative responsibility.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h2><b>Requirements for VTC vehicles<\/b><\/h2>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Each VTC authorisation is linked to a specific vehicle. The car must meet the required technical, administrative, environmental and insurance conditions.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Since June 2026, when a vehicle already assigned to a VTC authorisation is replaced, the new car must have an ECO or Zero Emissions label from the Directorate-General for Traffic.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The regulation establishes a specific regime for authorisations granted under certain environmental criteria of the Land Transport Regulation Act. In these cases, the required environmental category must be maintained throughout the life of the authorisation.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">This should be carefully reviewed before buying an electric, hybrid or combustion vehicle to add to an existing authorisation.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">It is also mandatory to have insurance suitable for professional passenger transport. Providing the service without the required insurance, or with insufficient cover, is classified as a serious infringement for urban services.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h2><b>Mandatory identification label for VTC vehicles<\/b><\/h2>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Vehicles assigned to VTC authorisations domiciled in the Comunitat Valenciana must be permanently identified with the label regulated under Order 12\/2016.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The label includes information relating to the period in which the authorisation's renewal must be carried out. The Generalitat confirms this obligation both in the renewal procedure and in the transfer process.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Not displaying the label, or displaying it in a way other than required, is considered a serious infringement under the regime applicable to urban services.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">In addition to the label, the driver must carry on board the documentation needed to prove they can legally provide the service. The absence of this documentation can constitute a minor infringement.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h2><b>Transferring a VTC authorisation<\/b><\/h2>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Transferring a license requires administrative authorisation. Signing a private contract and paying the agreed price is not enough.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The Generalitat has a specific procedure to verify that the seller and buyer meet the required conditions to carry out the change of ownership and register it in the Register of Transport Companies and Activities.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Before buying, you should review, at minimum:<\/span><\/p>\\n<ol>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The holder's identity.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Whether the authorisation is in force.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Its sanctions history.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Renewals.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The assigned vehicle.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Any charges or restrictions.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The province of domicile.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Its urban or intercity scope.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Insurance.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Whether it can actually be transferred.<\/span><\/li>\\n<\/ol>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Since June 2026, special attention must be paid to the loss of the provisional urban authorisation. An authorisation that can provide urban services in the seller's hands may become limited to intercity services once the change of ownership is completed.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">This can directly affect the price, expected revenue and profitability of the deal.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h2><b>Very serious infringements<\/b><\/h2>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The new Valencian sanctions regime classifies certain conduct related to urban services as very serious infringements.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">These include:<\/span><\/p>\\n<ul>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Providing urban services without the required provisional authorisation.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Falsifying documents used to obtain the authorisation.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Transferring the enabling title to another person or company.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Invoicing urban services without holding the corresponding authorisation.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Offering services without holding the required title.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Operating in a territorial scope other than the one authorised.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Picking up passengers without a prior booking.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Driving around looking for clients.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Obstructing an inspection.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Using drivers other than the holder, or who are not employed by the holder.<\/span><\/li>\\n<\/ul>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Very serious infringements are punished with fines of between <\/span><b>\u20ac3,001 and \u20ac6,000<\/b><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">. Detection can also lead to the vehicle being immediately immobilised.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">When three very serious sanctions are imposed within a two-year period for services carried out under the same authorisation, the authorities may revoke that authorisation.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h2><b>Serious infringements<\/b><\/h2>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Serious infringements include, among others:<\/span><\/p>\\n<ul>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Not displaying the VTC identification label.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Failing to comply with established rest periods or schedules.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Using a vehicle that does not meet the technical requirements.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Not having the mandatory insurance.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Having insufficient cover.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Parking on public roads to solicit clients.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Not reporting a service to the register.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Reporting incomplete or incorrect data.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Operating without the required documentation.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Failing to comply with other conditions of the urban authorisation.<\/span><\/li>\\n<\/ul>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">These actions are punished with fines of between <\/span><b>\u20ac1,001 and \u20ac3,000<\/b><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">When the party responsible has already been sanctioned for another serious infringement during the previous two years, the new infringement may be punished with a fine of between <\/span><b>\u20ac3,001 and \u20ac6,000<\/b><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h2><b>Minor infringements<\/b><\/h2>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The regulation classifies the following as minor infringements:<\/span><\/p>\\n<ul>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Not carrying on board the formal documentation needed to prove the service is legal.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Failing to comply with general policing rules where the conduct is not classified as serious or very serious.<\/span><\/li>\\n<\/ul>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Minor infringements can result in fines of between <\/span><b>\u20ac501 and \u20ac1,000<\/b><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Although the amounts are lower, an accumulation of incidents can affect the company's administrative reputation and make future transactions more difficult.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h2><b>Inspection and immobilisation of the vehicle<\/b><\/h2>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Inspection staff are considered agents of the authority while carrying out their duties. They can examine vehicles, premises, documents and digital data related to VTC activity.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Companies and drivers must facilitate these checks. Obstructing an inspection can constitute a very serious infringement.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">When conduct classified as very serious is detected, the regulation requires the vehicle to be immediately immobilised. Documentation may be withheld until the causes are corrected and the fine amount is provisionally deposited. Costs arising from holding the vehicle and arranging alternative transport for passengers fall on the party reported.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h2><b>What a VTC operator should review in 2026<\/b><\/h2>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The 2026 Valencian regulation introduces opportunities for certain existing authorisations, but also expands compliance obligations.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Before starting or continuing the activity, it's worth checking:<\/span><\/p>\\n<ul>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Whether the authorisation has provisional urban authorisation.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Whether there are any final sanctions from the last three years.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Whether the vehicle displays the mandatory label.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Whether the insurance expressly covers professional transport.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Whether all services are reported before they start.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Whether the vehicle parks in an allowed location.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Whether drivers are properly employed.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Whether the vehicle meets environmental requirements.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Whether the municipality has set additional restrictions.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Whether a future transfer would cause the loss of the urban authorisation.<\/span><\/li>\\n<\/ul>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Regulations may continue to evolve once the technical study required under Decree-Law 5\/2026 is published. Until then, operators and buyers should base their decisions on the documented administrative status of each authorisation, rather than on expectations about future authorisations.<\/span><\/p>\\n\", \"excerpt\": \"VTC regulations in the Comunidad Valenciana have undergone significant changes during 2026. Companies, drivers, investors and authorisation holders\u2026\"}, \"rentabilidad-de-una-licencia-vtc-ingresos-gastos-y-beneficio-real\": {\"title\": \"Profitability of a VTC License: Income, Expenses and Real Profit\", \"content\": \"<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The profitability of a VTC license is one of the main factors to analyse before investing in this sector. Buying an authorisation can allow you to develop a professional activity, add a new vehicle to a fleet, or generate income through a delegated management model. However, the license alone does not guarantee profits.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">To know whether a VTC investment is profitable, you need to study the revenue the vehicle can generate, the costs required to keep it operating, the operating model, and the regulations applicable in the area of work. You should also factor in periods of lower demand, breakdowns, the time the vehicle spends without passengers, and the commissions charged by mobility platforms.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">As of 1 July 2026, the Ministry of Transport recorded 26,378 nationwide VTC authorisations. Madrid accounted for 9,748, Andalusia 4,835, Catalonia 4,393, and the Comunidad Valenciana 2,150. This distribution shows that activity and competition are not the same across the country, so any profitability calculation must be adapted to the province and market in which you intend to operate.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h2><b>What does it mean for a VTC license to be profitable?<\/b><\/h2>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">A VTC license is profitable when the income obtained through its operation exceeds all the costs associated with the activity and allows the initial investment to be recovered within a reasonable period.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">To know the real profit, it is not enough to subtract fuel costs from monthly revenue. The calculation must include the purchase price of the authorisation, the purchase or financing of the vehicle, labour costs, platform commissions, insurance, maintenance and tax obligations.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The basic formula is as follows:<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><b>Operating profit = total income \u2212 operating expenses<\/b><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">However, to analyse a complete investment, you also need to calculate the return on invested capital:<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><b>Annual return = annual net profit \u00f7 total investment \u00d7 100<\/b><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">For example, if the total investment amounts to \u20ac100,000 and the annual net profit is \u20ac10,000, the return obtained would be 10%. This example is purely illustrative. The actual result will depend on the city, the vehicle, demand, financing and how the activity is managed.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h2><b>How much can a VTC license earn?<\/b><\/h2>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The income from a VTC license depends on the services carried out, the average price per journey, and the number of hours the vehicle remains operational.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Revenue can come from different channels:<\/span><\/p>\\n<ul>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Digital mobility platforms.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Services arranged with companies.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Airport and station transfers.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Hotels, travel agencies and tour operators.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Events, conferences and celebrations.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Recurring individual clients.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Contracts with companies that need regular transport.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">High-end services or premium vehicles.<\/span><\/li>\\n<\/ul>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Relying exclusively on one platform can make it easier to start the activity, but it also increases exposure to changes in commissions, fares and access conditions. A more solid operation usually combines platforms with direct clients and commercial agreements.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h3><b>Factors that influence revenue<\/b><\/h3>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The city where the activity takes place is one of the most important factors. Large urban areas, tourist destinations and provinces with high-traffic airports can offer higher demand, although they also come with more competition.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Other elements that affect income include:<\/span><\/p>\\n<ul>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Working hours.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Number of operating days.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Seasonality.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Type of vehicle.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Age and condition of the car.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Driver ratings.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Services carried out at peak times.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Kilometres travelled without a passenger.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Positioning in corporate services.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Ability to secure your own clients.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Regulatory restrictions in each territory.<\/span><\/li>\\n<\/ul>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The nationwide VTC authorisation enables intercity services. Urban activity may be subject to additional authorisations and conditions set by autonomous regions, so the actual scope of operation should be checked before drawing up any financial forecast.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h2><b>Main costs of a VTC license<\/b><\/h2>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The profitability of a VTC license depends both on revenue and on cost control. Two vehicles generating similar income can achieve very different profits if one carries higher financing costs, uses more energy, or accumulates more kilometres without passengers.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h3><b>Purchase or financing of the license<\/b><\/h3>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The cost of acquiring the authorisation represents a significant part of the investment. If the purchase is financed, the monthly instalment and interest must be included in the calculation.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">You should also consider costs associated with the transaction, such as advisory fees, administrative processing, taxes and any intermediation costs.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The economic amortisation of the license can be analysed by dividing its cost by the number of years expected to recover the investment. However, it should not be assumed that its resale value will always be equal to or higher than the price paid.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h3><b>Purchase, leasing or financing of the vehicle<\/b><\/h3>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The activity requires an assigned vehicle that meets the corresponding requirements. The owner can buy it outright, finance it, take out a lease, or use another permitted option.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Each option has different effects:<\/span><\/p>\\n<ul>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Buying requires a higher upfront investment.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Financing reduces the initial outlay, but adds interest.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Leasing offers a more predictable payment, although it may limit mileage.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">A used vehicle can reduce the entry cost, but increase maintenance.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">An electric car can reduce energy costs if affordable charging is available.<\/span><\/li>\\n<\/ul>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">To correctly calculate profitability, the down payment, instalments, residual value, depreciation and mileage conditions must all be included.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h3><b>Driver's salary and Social Security<\/b><\/h3>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">When the holder does not drive personally, labour costs are usually one of the largest expenses.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Only the net salary received by the employee should not be counted. The cost to the business includes:<\/span><\/p>\\n<ul>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Gross salary.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Social Security contributions.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Holiday pay.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Extra bonus payments.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Cover for absences.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Sick leave.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Training.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Risk prevention.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Uniforms or equipment.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Payroll management.<\/span><\/li>\\n<\/ul>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">If the owner drives as a self-employed individual, they must also assign an economic value to their own work. Treating the entire surplus as profit without valuing the hours worked produces a distorted view of profitability.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h3><b>Fuel or electricity<\/b><\/h3>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Energy cost depends on the vehicle's consumption, the price of energy, and the number of kilometres travelled.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">To get a reliable figure, you need to distinguish between:<\/span><\/p>\\n<ul>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Kilometres with a passenger.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Kilometres to pick up the client.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Travel between demand areas.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Return to base or parking.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Private use, where applicable.<\/span><\/li>\\n<\/ul>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">A vehicle can bill correctly and still lose profitability if it makes too many empty trips. For this reason, the cost per total kilometre is more useful than analysing only the cost per service.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h3><b>Platform commissions<\/b><\/h3>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Platforms may charge a commission or apply other financial conditions on each journey. This cost must be calculated based on the revenue generated through each channel.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Dependence on a single platform can affect margins if fees change or waiting times increase. Attracting direct clients allows income to be diversified, although it requires investment in marketing, customer service and booking systems.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h3><b>Vehicle insurance<\/b><\/h3>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">A vehicle used for VTC services requires cover appropriate to its professional activity. The price can vary depending on the car, the driver's experience, claims history, the province and the cover taken out.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">In addition to the annual premium, it is advisable to set aside an amount for excesses and possible periods off the road following an accident.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h3><b>Maintenance and repairs<\/b><\/h3>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">VTC vehicles usually cover a high mileage, which speeds up wear on components such as tyres, brakes, suspension and interior elements.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The budget should include:<\/span><\/p>\\n<ul>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Periodic servicing.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Oil and filter changes.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Tyres.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Brakes.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Professional cleaning.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Unforeseen repairs.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Technical inspection.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Parts replacement.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Replacement vehicle, when needed.<\/span><\/li>\\n<\/ul>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Not setting money aside for repairs can turn a major breakdown into a cash-flow problem.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h3><b>Parking, cleaning and other costs<\/b><\/h3>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">You should also factor in expenses that may seem minor but have a significant impact once they accumulate over the year:<\/span><\/p>\\n<ul>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Parking space.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Car washing and interior cleaning.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Phone and mobile data.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Accounting\/admin services.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Fleet management systems.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Bank fees.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Tolls.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Public charging.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Customer service.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Advertising.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Inspections and fees.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Uniforms.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Consumables for passengers.<\/span><\/li>\\n<\/ul>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Holders of VTC authorisations must also comply with the obligation to electronically report services before they start, through the register set up by the authorities. This can be managed directly or integrated into management systems, which can also generate technology costs.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h2><b>Example of VTC license profitability<\/b><\/h2>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The following example is provided to illustrate a basic calculation. It does not represent a guaranteed forecast or an official industry average.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Imagine a vehicle that generates monthly revenue of \u20ac7,500.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Its monthly expenses could be:<\/span><\/p>\\n<ul>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Platform commission: \u20ac1,500.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Total labour cost of the driver: \u20ac2,400.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Vehicle instalment: \u20ac650.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Fuel or electricity: \u20ac650.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Pro-rated insurance: \u20ac200.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Maintenance and tyres: \u20ac250.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Accounting, phone and software: \u20ac150.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Parking and cleaning: \u20ac200.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">License instalment or financing: \u20ac500.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Contingency fund: \u20ac200.<\/span><\/li>\\n<\/ul>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Total expenses would be \u20ac6,600, leaving a monthly operating profit of \u20ac900 before tax.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><b>\u20ac7,500 in revenue \u2212 \u20ac6,600 in expenses = \u20ac900 operating profit<\/b><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">In this scenario, annual operating profit would be \u20ac10,800 if this level of performance were maintained for twelve months. However, taxes, holidays, periods of inactivity and any extraordinary expenses would also need to be factored in.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The same vehicle could improve its result by increasing the percentage of direct clients, reducing empty kilometres, or renegotiating certain costs. It could also fall into losses if demand drops or a long-lasting breakdown occurs.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h2><b>Profitability when driving the vehicle yourself<\/b><\/h2>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">When the owner drives the vehicle, the cost of an employee's salary disappears, but that doesn't mean the whole amount becomes profit.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">You need to separate:<\/span><\/p>\\n<ol>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Payment for the hours worked.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The return obtained on the capital invested.<\/span><\/li>\\n<\/ol>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Suppose the owner earns \u20ac3,000 a month after paying the vehicle's expenses, but works ten hours a day. Part of that amount corresponds to their work as a driver, and another part can be considered business profit.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">To compare this option with other investments, a reasonable salary must be assigned to the owner's activity. Only the remaining amount should be used to calculate the license's profitability.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">This model can be attractive for someone looking for self-employment who knows the local market well, but it requires direct dedication and proper planning of rest periods, holidays and sick leave.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h2><b>Profitability with a hired driver<\/b><\/h2>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Hiring a driver allows the holder to take on a more business-focused role, although it increases fixed costs.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Profitability will depend on:<\/span><\/p>\\n<ul>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Driver productivity.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Schedule.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Available demand.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Mileage control.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Vehicle upkeep.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Labour cost.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Shift organisation.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Level of absenteeism.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Ability to keep the car operational.<\/span><\/li>\\n<\/ul>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">This model requires clear procedures to review revenue, consumption, incidents, user ratings and the condition of the vehicle.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">A good management tool can help detect unprofitable routes, excessive waiting times and differences between drivers.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h2><b>Profitability through delegated management<\/b><\/h2>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Another option is to hand over operations to a specialised operator. The owner provides the license or the license-plus-vehicle package, while the manager takes care of drivers, shifts and day-to-day operations.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">This model reduces daily involvement, but also limits the profit margin. The contract must clearly state:<\/span><\/p>\\n<ul>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The owner's payment.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Expenses included.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Responsibility for the vehicle.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Repairs.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Insurance.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Driver replacement.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Duration.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Penalties.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">How income is settled.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Termination conditions.<\/span><\/li>\\n<\/ul>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Before accepting an advertised return, check whether it is a gross or net figure, what risks each party takes on, and what happens when the vehicle cannot operate.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h2><b>How long does it take to recover the investment?<\/b><\/h2>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The payback period indicates how many years would be needed to recover the capital invested.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The simple formula is:<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><b>Payback period = total investment \u00f7 annual net profit<\/b><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">If the total investment is \u20ac120,000 and the annual profit is \u20ac12,000, the payback period would be ten years.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">This calculation should be interpreted with caution, as it does not account for possible changes in the license's value, inflation, taxes, interest, or shifts in demand.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">It is also advisable to prepare three scenarios:<\/span><\/p>\\n<ul>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><b>Conservative scenario:<\/b><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\"> lower revenue and higher expenses.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><b>Likely scenario:<\/b><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\"> activity based on realistic data.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><b>Favourable scenario:<\/b><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\"> better occupancy and greater efficiency.<\/span><\/li>\\n<\/ul>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The decision should remain viable under the conservative scenario. If the deal is only profitable under very optimistic forecasts, the risk is high.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h2><b>How to improve the profit of a VTC license<\/b><\/h2>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Increasing profitability is not just about working more hours. Efficient management can improve margins without disproportionately increasing mileage.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Some useful measures include:<\/span><\/p>\\n<ul>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Reducing kilometres without a passenger.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Analysing peak demand hours.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Diversifying platforms.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Attracting direct clients.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Signing agreements with companies and hotels.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Controlling energy consumption.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Applying preventive maintenance.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Reviewing insurance costs.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Choosing the vehicle based on actual use.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Measuring revenue per hour and per kilometre.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Avoiding excessive financing.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Building a fund for breakdowns.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Using management tools.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Regularly reviewing regulations.<\/span><\/li>\\n<\/ul>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Profitability should be measured every month. Waiting until year-end can hide problems such as an increase in empty trips, worsening fuel consumption, or a gradual drop in revenue.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h2><b>Risks that can reduce profitability<\/b><\/h2>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Investing in a VTC license is exposed to economic, regulatory and operational risks.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The most significant include:<\/span><\/p>\\n<ul>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Regulatory changes.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Restrictions on urban services.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Changes made by platforms.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Rising fuel or electricity prices.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Increased labour costs.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Long-lasting breakdowns.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Accidents.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Increased competition.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">A drop in tourism.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Financing with high interest rates.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Losing an important client.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">A drop in resale value.<\/span><\/li>\\n<\/ul>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The VTC regime combines national and regional regulation. In addition, the concentration of authorisations varies considerably between territories, so profitability observed in one city should not automatically be applied to another.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h2><b>Information you should request before investing<\/b><\/h2>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Before buying a license or taking part in a VTC transaction, request verifiable information on:<\/span><\/p>\\n<ul>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Actual revenue for recent months.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Platform statements.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Total kilometres.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Billed kilometres.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Fuel or charging costs.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Labour cost.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Insurance.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Maintenance.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Outstanding financing.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Sanctions.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Administrative status.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Scope of the authorisation.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Contracts with operators.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Age and condition of the vehicle.<\/span><\/li>\\n<\/ul>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">General promises of profitability are no substitute for data. The more economic and administrative information available, the more reliable the valuation will be.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">It is also worth checking whether the figures presented include VAT, commissions, taxes and all labour obligations. Comparing different measures can produce misleading results.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h2><b>Request a study tailored to your VTC project<\/b><\/h2>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The profitability of a VTC license cannot be determined by a single percentage that applies to every case. Each transaction depends on the purchase price, the city, the management model, the vehicle, financing, and the number of services that can legally be carried out.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Before investing, prepare a monthly forecast with conservative income figures, full costs and a contingency fund. Also analyse how much capital you will need to sustain the activity during the first few months.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">To assess a specific license, review its status, and explore different operating models, you can<\/span> <a href=\\\"https:\/\/licenciaprofesional.es\/contacto\/\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">contact our team<\/span><\/a><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\"> and request an analysis tailored to your goals, budget and area of operation.<\/span><\/p>\\n\", \"excerpt\": \"The profitability of a VTC license is one of the main factors to analyse before investing in this sector. Buying an authorisation can allow you to\u2026\"}, \"mejores-vehiculos-electricos-para-trabajar-como-vtc-autonomia-espacio-y-costes\": {\"title\": \"Best Electric Vehicles for Working as a VTC Driver: Range, Space and Costs\", \"content\": \"<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Choosing one of the best electric vehicles for working as a VTC driver requires analysing far more than the purchase price or the range advertised by the manufacturer. A vehicle used for professional transport can cover hundreds of kilometres a day, spend many hours on the road, and carry passengers with luggage, which makes comfort, interior space, charging speed and total cost of ownership decisive factors.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">An electric vehicle can reduce energy costs and simplify certain maintenance tasks, but it can also reduce profitability if it requires frequent charging at expensive public stations, or if its boot cannot handle airport and station services.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The best choice will depend on the type of activity. A company specialising in corporate services will have different needs from a driver who mainly works urban journeys through platforms. The decision also changes when the vehicle has its own charging point, works double shifts, or has to cover frequent intercity routes.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h2><b>What should a good electric car for VTC have?<\/b><\/h2>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">A vehicle for private use can be chosen for its design, performance or personal preferences. In the VTC sector, every feature must be assessed for its effect on productivity and the passenger experience.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The most important aspects are as follows.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h3><b>Enough range to complete the shift<\/b><\/h3>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">WLTP range allows vehicles to be compared under a standardised procedure, but it does not necessarily reflect the kilometres that will be covered during a real working day.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Consumption can increase due to factors such as:<\/span><\/p>\\n<ul>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Driving at high speed.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Low or high temperatures.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Heavy use of climate control.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The weight of passengers and luggage.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Elevation changes along the route.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Traffic jams.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Tyre condition.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Driving style.<\/span><\/li>\\n<\/ul>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Manufacturers themselves warn that actual range can vary depending on speed, weather, road conditions and climate control use. For this reason, it is not advisable to plan the activity around 100% of the certified range.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">For mainly urban activity, a model with a moderate certified range may be enough, especially if charged every night. Drivers who carry out intercity transfers, tourist services or long shifts should prioritise long-range versions.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h3><b>Fast charging and downtime<\/b><\/h3>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Maximum charging power is important, but it is not the only figure worth studying.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Other relevant factors include:<\/span><\/p>\\n<ul>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The charging curve.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The time needed to go from 10% to 80%.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Battery pre-conditioning.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The availability of compatible chargers.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The station's actual power output.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The cost of public charging.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The ability to install a private charging point.<\/span><\/li>\\n<\/ul>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">In a professional activity, time spent charging can be time without revenue. A car that recovers energy quickly can be more profitable even if its maximum range is somewhat lower.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h3><b>Space for passengers and luggage<\/b><\/h3>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Boot capacity is especially important for working at airports, stations, hotels and tourist services.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">It is not enough to check the number of litres. You should also check:<\/span><\/p>\\n<ul>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The shape of the boot.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The size of the loading opening.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The available height.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Whether there is a front boot (\\\"frunk\\\").<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The space taken up by charging cables.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The comfort of the rear seats.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Access to the cabin.<\/span><\/li>\\n<\/ul>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">An aerodynamic saloon may offer great range, but have a less practical boot opening than an SUV or a hatchback-style model.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h3><b>Comfort over many hours<\/b><\/h3>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The driver will spend a large part of their working day inside the vehicle. Passengers, for their part, will value legroom, climate control quality, sound insulation and ease of getting in and out.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">It's worth personally testing:<\/span><\/p>\\n<ul>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The driving position.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Visibility.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Seat comfort.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Rear space.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Suspension.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Road noise.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Ease of use of the infotainment system.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The location of the main controls.<\/span><\/li>\\n<\/ul>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">You should also check whether large-diameter wheels increase consumption and make replacements more expensive.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h2><b>Volkswagen ID.7: one of the most complete options for long distances<\/b><\/h2>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The Volkswagen ID.7 is one of the most balanced options for a mid-to-upper range VTC service. Its nearly five-metre body offers a spacious cabin and a look suited to corporate transfers.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The Pro S version has an announced range of up to 709 kilometres on the WLTP cycle. The model has a 532-litre boot, expandable to 1,586 litres when the rear seats are folded down. These figures place it among the most attractive electric options for combining urban services, intercity travel and pick-ups with luggage.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Its main advantages for VTC are:<\/span><\/p>\\n<ul>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Plenty of rear-seat space.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Large boot with a hatch.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Good range for long working days.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Professional, discreet look.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Comfort geared towards long journeys.<\/span><\/li>\\n<\/ul>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Its size can be less convenient for constantly working on narrow streets or in small car parks. It is also worth checking the cost of versions with a larger battery, since maximum range is usually tied to more expensive configurations.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><b>Recommended for:<\/b><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\"> corporate services, intercity transfers, airports, and operators who prioritise passenger comfort.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h2><b>Hyundai IONIQ 6: efficiency and range for covering lots of kilometres<\/b><\/h2>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The Hyundai IONIQ 6 stands out for its aerodynamic body and focus on efficiency. The rear-wheel-drive version with an 84 kWh battery can reach up to 680 kilometres of WLTP range under certain configurations. It also uses an 800-volt electrical architecture designed to enable fast charging.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The rear boot has a stated capacity of 401 litres. Some rear-wheel-drive versions add a front compartment of up to 45 litres, useful for storing cables and keeping them from taking up space alongside passengers' luggage.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Its strengths are:<\/span><\/p>\\n<ul>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">High range.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Contained consumption thanks to its aerodynamics.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Architecture built for fast charging.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Good legroom in the rear seats.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Quiet, comfortable ride.<\/span><\/li>\\n<\/ul>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The main drawback for certain VTC services is the shape of the boot. Although its capacity may be enough for daily use, an SUV or a hatchback-style vehicle can be more practical when carrying several large suitcases.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><b>Recommended for:<\/b><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\"> drivers who cover lots of kilometres, executive services and intercity journeys with moderate luggage.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h2><b>Tesla Model 3: a balance of efficiency, technology and charging network<\/b><\/h2>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The Tesla Model 3 remains a benchmark among electric saloons used for professional transport. The manufacturer's Spanish website lists a WLTP range of 534 kilometres for one of its configurations, and a total loading space of 682 litres, calculated according to the criteria Tesla uses for its different compartments.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The configurator also lists a reference consumption of 14.4 kWh per 100 kilometres for the version shown. The actual figure will depend on the route, speed, climate control and load carried.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Its advantages include:<\/span><\/p>\\n<ul>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Good energy efficiency.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Access to a wide fast-charging network.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Integrated app and route planning.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Performance sufficient for merging and travel.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Relatively contained mechanical maintenance costs.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Recognisable image within chauffeur-driven transport.<\/span><\/li>\\n<\/ul>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Before buying it, it's worth checking the comfort of the rear seats and ease of access. Its seating position is lower than that of an SUV, which can be less comfortable for older passengers or those with reduced mobility.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The concentration of many functions on the central screen also requires a period of adjustment for the driver.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><b>Recommended for:<\/b><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\"> urban and intercity activity, self-employed drivers, and operators looking for efficiency with a relatively contained investment among electric saloons.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h2><b>\u0160koda Enyaq: space and practicality for airports<\/b><\/h2>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The \u0160koda Enyaq is a particularly interesting option when luggage plays a significant role in the activity. It offers up to 582 kilometres of range, depending on the version, and a 585-litre boot with the seats in their normal position. Capacity increases to 1,710 litres when the second row is folded down.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Its SUV body makes it easier for passengers to get in and out, and provides a more practical loading opening than many saloons.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Its advantages for VTC include:<\/span><\/p>\\n<ul>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Large, usable boot.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Good access to the rear seats.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Elevated seating position.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Enough range for most working days.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Cabin suited to families and small groups.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Practical setup for airport services.<\/span><\/li>\\n<\/ul>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Being an SUV, its consumption can be higher than that of a particularly aerodynamic saloon on motorway routes. The operator will need to assess whether the extra space makes up for that difference.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><b>Recommended for:<\/b><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\"> airports, stations, hotels, families, tourist services, and drivers who need a large boot.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h2><b>Kia EV6: ultra-fast charging to cut down on stops<\/b><\/h2>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The Kia EV6 particularly stands out for its charging system. The version fitted with an 84 kWh battery advertises up to 582 kilometres of range, and the manufacturer states it can go from 10% to 80% in around 18 minutes when using a compatible charger under the right conditions.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">This speed can be important for operators who cannot complete the whole working day on an overnight charge alone.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Its main strengths are:<\/span><\/p>\\n<ul>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Fast charging.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Competitive range.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Spacious cabin.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Good wheelbase.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Distinctive design.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Ability to recover a lot of range during a short break.<\/span><\/li>\\n<\/ul>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The 18-minute charge will not be available everywhere. It requires a high-power station, a battery in the right condition, and a favourable charging curve. In addition, ultra-fast chargers can have a higher price per kWh than a private installation.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><b>Recommended for:<\/b><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\"> long working days, intercity routes, and operators who need to recharge during their shift.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h2><b>Tesla Model Y: maximum flexibility for luggage and passengers<\/b><\/h2>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The Tesla Model Y can be a more practical option than the Model 3 for those who regularly work with suitcases. The version shown in the Spanish configurator advertises 534 kilometres of WLTP range and a reference consumption of 15.3 kWh per 100 kilometres.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The manufacturer states a maximum loading space of 2,118 litres with the second row folded down. This figure should not be directly compared with the conventional boot of other models, since it corresponds to the maximum-capacity configuration, but it shows the versatility of its interior.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Its advantages include:<\/span><\/p>\\n<ul>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Easy access to the cabin.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Luggage space.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Rear hatch.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Good range.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Integrated charging network.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Elevated seating position for passengers.<\/span><\/li>\\n<\/ul>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Its size, tyre costs, and slightly higher consumption than a saloon should be included in the financial calculation.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><b>Recommended for:<\/b><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\"> airports, families, tourist services, and operators looking for a versatile vehicle.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h2><b>Comparison by type of VTC service<\/b><\/h2>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">There is no single model that is best for every company.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">For urban services with relatively short journeys, the most important factors may be purchase price, consumption and ease of overnight charging.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">For corporate transfers, more weight should be given to rear space, comfort, image and sound insulation.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">For airports and stations, the volume and shape of the boot may matter more than having maximum range.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Drivers who carry out intercity routes should prioritise actual motorway range, charging speed, and the availability of stations along their usual routes.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">An indicative selection would be:<\/span><\/p>\\n<ul>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><b>Best balance for long distances:<\/b><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\"> Volkswagen ID.7.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><b>Best efficiency and range in a saloon format:<\/b><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\"> Hyundai IONIQ 6.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><b>Technological and efficient alternative:<\/b><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\"> Tesla Model 3.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><b>Best practical option for luggage:<\/b><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\"> \u0160koda Enyaq.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><b>Best for fast charging during a shift:<\/b><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\"> Kia EV6.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><b>Best combination of SUV, luggage space and charging network:<\/b><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\"> Tesla Model Y.<\/span><\/li>\\n<\/ul>\\n<h2><b>How to calculate the electricity cost per 100 kilometres<\/b><\/h2>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">To calculate energy costs you need two figures:<\/span><\/p>\\n<ol>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The vehicle's actual consumption in kWh per 100 kilometres.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The average price paid per kWh.<\/span><\/li>\\n<\/ol>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The formula is:<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><b>Cost per 100 km = consumption in kWh\/100 km \u00d7 price per kWh<\/b><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The cheapest domestic rate alone should not be used to prepare the financial plan. A company that combines its own charging, public charging and ultra-fast stations will have a higher average price.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">It is best to calculate three scenarios:<\/span><\/p>\\n<ul>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Overnight charging at your own base.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">A combination of private and public charging.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Frequent reliance on fast chargers.<\/span><\/li>\\n<\/ul>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The Institute for Energy Diversification and Saving includes both energy consumption and amortisation of the vehicle's purchase price in its calculation methods. Therefore, comparing electricity cost alone with fuel cost does not give you the real operating cost.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h2><b>Expenses a VTC company must include<\/b><\/h2>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Total cost of ownership must include:<\/span><\/p>\\n<ul>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Purchase price.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Financing interest.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Charger installation.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Electricity.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Public charging.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Professional insurance.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Tyres.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Servicing.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Repairs.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Cleaning.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Parking.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Depreciation.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Time lost during charging.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Battery replacement or repair outside warranty.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Expected resale value.<\/span><\/li>\\n<\/ul>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Electric cars eliminate tasks related to engine oil, the clutch or the exhaust system, but they still need tyres, brakes, suspension, climate control and other maintenance items.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">A vehicle's weight and power can increase tyre wear if driving isn't efficient. For this reason, tyre prices and estimated lifespan should be checked before choosing large wheels.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h2><b>Is it worth installing your own charging point?<\/b><\/h2>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">For a VTC company, having your own charging usually brings predictability and control over energy costs.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The installation should be sized according to:<\/span><\/p>\\n<ul>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Number of vehicles.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Daily kilometres.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Shift schedules.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Contracted power.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Time available between working days.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Possible fleet growth.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Load-balancing system.<\/span><\/li>\\n<\/ul>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">A fleet does not necessarily need to charge all its vehicles at maximum power at the same time. A management system can distribute energy overnight and reduce the need to excessively increase contracted power.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">When relying exclusively on public stations, the analysis must include travel to the charger, waiting times, incidents, and variable rates.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h2><b>Advantages of the Zero Emissions label<\/b><\/h2>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Battery electric vehicles are entitled to the Zero Emissions environmental label from the Directorate-General for Traffic.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">This label can make it easier to access certain low-emission zones, although the specific conditions depend on each municipality's ordinances.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Before calculating any economic advantage, you should check:<\/span><\/p>\\n<ul>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Local restrictions.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Parking fees.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Tax incentives.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Access to regulated zones.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Specific environmental requirements for VTC.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The validity of purchase subsidies.<\/span><\/li>\\n<\/ul>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">It should not be assumed that the Zero label guarantees free parking or unrestricted access in every city.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h2><b>Leasing, financing or buying?<\/b><\/h2>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Buying lets you keep the vehicle and benefit from its residual value, but requires more upfront capital and transfers the risk of depreciation to the owner.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Financing spreads out the cost, although it adds interest and can leave you with outstanding debt higher than the car's value during the first few years.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Leasing makes monthly budgeting easier and includes certain services, but the mileage allowance must be carefully checked. An allowance designed for a private driver can be clearly insufficient for a VTC vehicle.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Before signing a contract, you should check:<\/span><\/p>\\n<ul>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Annual mileage included.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Price per additional kilometre.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Maintenance covered.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Tyres.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Insurance.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Replacement vehicle.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Cancellation penalties.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Return conditions.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Allowed damage and wear.<\/span><\/li>\\n<\/ul>\\n<h2><b>What to check before buying an electric vehicle for VTC<\/b><\/h2>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The decision should be based on data from real activity. Over several weeks, it's worth recording daily kilometres, rest periods, the number of airport services, and how often several suitcases are carried.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">It is also advisable to do a test with passengers in the rear seats and physically check the boot.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Before signing, ask for information about:<\/span><\/p>\\n<ul>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The range of the specific version.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Certified consumption.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Maximum charging power.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The charging curve.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">General warranty.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Battery warranty.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Conditions for professional use.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">VTC insurance price.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Tyre cost.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Repair turnaround times.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Service network.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Buy-back value.<\/span><\/li>\\n<li style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\" aria-level=\\\"1\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Compatibility with the chargers you use.<\/span><\/li>\\n<\/ul>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">Two versions of the same model can offer very different ranges and costs depending on the battery, drivetrain and wheel size.<\/span><\/p>\\n<h2><b>Choosing the vehicle based on the license and territory<\/b><\/h2>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The car should not be chosen independently of the authorisation. Regional regulations may set environmental, technical or identification conditions for assigned vehicles.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">You also need to check what services the authorisation allows and in what territory it can be operated. A large investment in a long-range car makes little sense if the license is limited to a type of service that doesn't generate enough kilometres or revenue.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">To check available opportunities and see which vehicle best fits a specific authorisation, you can browse<\/span> <a href=\\\"https:\/\/licenciaprofesional.es\/licencias\/\\\"><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">VTC licenses<\/span><\/a><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\"> and weigh up location, operating model, budget and charging needs together.<\/span><\/p>\\n<p><span style=\\\"font-weight: 400;\\\">The right choice will be the one that lets you complete most shifts with planned charging, comfortably carry your target passengers, and maintain a cost per kilometre compatible with expected revenue.<\/span><\/p>\\n\", \"excerpt\": \"Choosing one of the best electric vehicles for working as a VTC driver requires analysing far more than the purchase price or the range advertised by\u2026\"}};\nvar udCatTr = {\"compra-y-venta-de-licencias-vtc\": \"Buying and Selling VTC Licenses\", \"licencia-profesional\": \"Professional License\", \"normativa-vtc\": \"VTC Regulations\"};\nvar udTagTr = {\"beneficio-licencia-vtc\": \"VTC license profit\", \"coche-electrico-vtc\": \"VTC electric car\", \"coches-vtc\": \"VTC cars\", \"gastos-vtc\": \"VTC expenses\", \"inversion-licencias-vtc\": \"VTC license investment\", \"precio-licencia-vtc\": \"VTC license price\", \"regulacion-vtc\": \"VTC regulation\", \"requisitos-licencia-vtc\": \"VTC license requirements\", \"requisitos-vtc\": \"VTC requirements\", \"sanciones-vtc\": \"VTC sanctions\", \"transferencia-licencia-vtc\": \"VTC license transfer\", \"vtc-alicante\": \"VTC Alicante\", \"vtc-toledo\": \"VTC Toledo\", \"vtc-valencia\": \"VTC Valencia\"};\nfunction udLink(url){\n  if(!udIsEN || !url) return url;\n  try {\n    var u = new URL(url, window.location.origin);\n    if(u.pathname.indexOf('\/en\/') !== 0){ u.pathname = '\/en' + u.pathname; }\n    return u.toString();\n  } catch(e){ return url; }\n}\nfunction udCatName(c){ return (udIsEN && udCatTr[c.slug]) ? udCatTr[c.slug] : c.name; }\nfunction udTagName(t){ return (udIsEN && udTagTr[t.slug]) ? udTagTr[t.slug] : t.name; }\n\n(function(){\n  fetch('\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?per_page=30&hide_empty=true&orderby=count&order=desc')\n    .then(function(r){return r.json();})\n    .then(function(cats){\n      var ul = document.getElementById('udSidebarCats');\n      if(!ul) return;\n      ul.innerHTML = '';\n      cats.forEach(function(c){\n        var li = document.createElement('li');\n        li.innerHTML = '<a href=\"'+udLink(c.link)+'\">'+udCatName(c)+'<\/a><span>'+c.count+'<\/span>';\n        ul.appendChild(li);\n      });\n      if(!cats.length) ul.innerHTML = udIsEN ? 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En Espa\u00f1a designan a los turismos que prestan servicios de transporte de viajeros con contrat\u2026 en Espa\u00f1a. Novedades que te pueden interesar Cargando\u2026 Secciones destacadas \u00daltimas novedades Cargando\u2026 Categor\u00edas Cargando\u2026 Etiquetas [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_genesis_hide_title":true,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"full-width-content","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-320","page","type-page","status-publish","entry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.0 (Yoast SEO v28.8) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Blog - Licencia Profesional<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/licenciaprofesional.es\/en\/blog\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Actualidad sobre licencias VTC Informaci\u00f3n, normativa, consejos y an\u00e1lisis para comprar, vender o gestionar licencias VTCVTCLas siglas VTC significan \u00abveh\u00edculo de transporte con conductor\u00bb. 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